Rotary drilling rig



Navu 27, 1951 F. J. YOUNG 2,576,872

ROTARY DRILLING RIG Filed Oct. 28, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet l l w L i I] IL 3 wow ton ivwwwf yw/mgb NW0 2?, 19511 F. J. YQUNG ROTARY DRILLING RIG 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed 001;. 28, 1946 NW; 27, 1511 F. J. YOUNG ROTARY DRILLING RIG 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Oct. 28, 1946 Nov. 27, 1951 F. J. YOUNG ROTARY DRILLING-RIG 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 28, 1946 Patented Nov. 27, 1951 ROTARY DRILLING RIG Forrest J. Young, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor to The National Supply Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application October 28, 1946, Serial No. 706,140

11 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus of the type used in the drilling of oil, gas, water or other wells and is particularly directed to a rotary drilling rig and multiple engine power plant of novel construction and arrangement, for high speed, heavy duty drilling operations.

An important object of this invention is to provide a drilling rig having a drawworks powered by a plurality of engine units, and a pair of change speed transmissions interposed between the engine units and the drawworks, with provision for driving either transmission from any one of the engine units.

Another object is to provide such an arrangement wherein the change speed transmissions may be conjointly operated in unison for driving the drawworks from the combined power of the several engine units.

Another object is to provide a hoisting engine unit normally adapted to drive the drawworks through one change speed transmission, and a rotary drive engine unit normally adapted to drive the rotary machine through another change speed transmission, with provision for driving either change speed transmission from either engine unit or for combining the power of both engine units for conjoint operation of both chan e speed transmissions to drive the drawworks.

Another important object of this invention is to provide a rotary drilling rig having a pair of positive displacement reciprocating pumps for circulating mud fluid, each of the pumps being independently driven from separate engine units, together with a third engine unit connected through a power dividing device to assist in drivin both pumps simultaneously.

Another object is to provide such an arrangement in which the power dividing device takes the form of a differential drive unit or a hydraulic coupling of the kinetic type.

A further object is to provide a novel form of drive for operating the rotary machine.

Another object is to provide a sand reel for a heavy duty rotary drilling rig mounted in a novel location beneath a portion of the power plant and having the sand line extending through an opening in the power plant floor.

Other objects and advantages will appear hereinafter.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view in diagrammatic form showing a preferred embodiment of my invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary plan view, partly in section, showing details of drawworks elements omitted in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a plan view of a portion of the apparatus shown in Figure l and illustrated on a larger scale.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the apparatus shown in Figure 1, the pumps being omitted.

Figure 5 is a side elevation taken substantially on the line 5-5 as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a plan view of a unitary portion of the apparatus used for driving the rotary machine.

Figure 7 is an end elevation of the rotary machine shown in Figures 1 and 3.

Figure 8 is a sectional plan view of a differential drive unit employed in connection with a modified form of my invention.

Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8 illustrating a hydraulic coupling of the kinetic type employed in connection with another modification of my invention.

Referring to the drawings, the rotary drilling rig embodying my invention includes a rotary machine II], a hoisting unit or drawworks I I having a spooling drum 12, a power plant including a plurality of engine units l3, 14, I5 and I6, and a plurality of reciprocating pumps I! of the positive displacement type for circulating mud fluid in the drilling operation. Only one pump I1 is illustrated in the drawings, but it is to be understood that additional pumps of the same or other design are driven from the multiple strand drive chains l8 and IS.

A rotary drive change speed transmission unit and a similar pump drive chain speed transmission unit 2| are provided adjacent the drawworks II and are arranged to be driven independently or conjointly by means of the engine units I3, I 4, I5 and I 6. Means are provided for driving the rotary machine H] from the change speed transmission 20 and, as shown in the drawings, this means includes a right angle drive assembly 22 adapted to drive an intermediate shaft 23 from a countershaft 24. The shaft 23 operates the rotary drive shaft 25 by means of the aligned sprockets 26 and 21.

Additional means are provided whereby the transmission 20 may operate the drawworks drive shaft 28. As shown in the drawings, this means includes a sprocket 29 adapted to drive the sprocket 30 by means of a multiple strand chain 3!. The transmission 2| is similarly adapted to drive the drawworks drive shaft 28 through aligned sprockets 32 and 33 which are connected 4 by multiple strand chain 34. The transmission 2i also may drive the pump [1 by way of multiple strand chains 35 and 36.

Proceeding from this general description of the major units incorporated in the preferred embodiment of my invention to a more detailed description of the construction of the various parts of the apparatus, each of the engine units 13, I4, 15 and i5 is adapted to deliver power through a hydraulic coupling of the kinetic type 31. These couplings may be of any conventional type but are preferably of the form shown in the Archer, et a1., Patent No. 2,164,173, granted June 27, 1939. The coupling 3'5 associated with theengine unit [6 is adapted to drive a power shaft'38'. The drive shaft 39 of the change speed. transmission unit 40 is adapted to be releasably connected to the power shaft 38 by means of the splined clutch 4|. The sprocket 42 is rotatably mounted onrthe shaft 38 and may be clutched into direct driving engagement, by means of the splined clutch, 43. Change speed drive means are provided between the drive shaft 39 and the power takeofi shaft {it and these means may take the form of sprockets 45, 45 and 41' fixed on the shaft 39 andadapted to drive the aligned sprockets 48, 49 and 58', which are rotatably mounted on the power takeoff shaft 44. Clutch; means are provided for selectively engaging the latter said sprockets to the shaft M in order that it may be driven from the shaft 39. A

A friction clutch 5! is provided on one end of the shaft 44 for driving a pump (notshown) from the sprocket 52. and multiple strand chain 13 and, similarly, another friction clutch 5315 provided for releasably engaging the sprocket 54 with the shaft 44 for driving another pump (not shown) through the multiple strand chain 18. It will be understood from this description that either or both of the pump drive chains !8 and [9 may be operated from the power shaft 38'.

Engine unit [5 is adapted to drive power shaft 55 through its hydraulic coupling 31 and fixed on the opposite ends of the shaft 55 are drive sprockets 56' and 5'1. A multiple strand chained connects sprockets 56 and s2 and a multiple strand chain 55 connects the sprocket 51 in driving relation with sprocket, 60 fixed on the stub shaft 6|. The stub shaft BI is adapted to be connected in driving relation with the power shaft 62, which is driven from the engine unit 14 through the hydraulic coupling 31. The transmission shaft 6'3'is adapted to be driven from the engine unit l3 through its respective hydraulic coupling 31.

Referring to Figure 3, the power shaft 62 may be releasably connected in driving relation with the stub shaft 6| by means of the splined clutch G4, and may be connected in direct driving relation with the sprocket 65 by means of the splined clutch 66. A sprocket 61 fixed on the transmission shaft 63 is connected in driving relation to the sprocket 65 by means of the multiple strand chain 68. Fixed on the shaft 69 of the change speed transmission unit 2! are sprockets i0, H, '52 and 13. Sprocket H! is connected by multiple strand chain Hi to sprocket 15, which is fixed on the stub shaft 6|. Similarly, sprockets 16, I1 and '18 are fixed on the shaft 63 of the change speed transmission unit 20.

A power take-off shaft 19 of the transmission rotatably supports sprockets 80, 8! and 82, each of which is provided with suitable clutch means for engagement in driving relation with the shaft 19. Aligned sprockets Mk-80, 11-8 I, and 18 -82 are each connected by chains in order to make available three speeds of the shaft 19 for each speed of the shaft 63. Reversing gears 83 and 8d are provided for reversing the direction of rotation of the shaft E9 when desired. Fixed on one end of the shaft '59 is the rotary drive sprocket 85 and rotatably mounted on the other end of the shaft 19 is the drawworks drive sprocket 29 adapted to be engaged with the shaft it by means of the axially shiftable splined clutch 35. Multiple strand chain 3! enables the shaft '19 to drive the d'rawworks drive shaft 28 via the sprockets 2% and'.30.

The power take-off shaft 81 of the change speed transmission unit 21 rotatably supports sprockets 88, 89 and 90 and each of the sprockets is provided with selectively operable clutch means for engagement with the shaft 8?; thus three speeds are provided between the shaft 69 and the shaft 81. Reversing gears 88a and 89a are provided for reversing the direction of rotation of the shaft 81 when desired. v

Rotatably mounted on one end of the shaft 81 is the sprocket Site which is adapted to be releasably engaged with the shaft 8'! by means of the friction clutch 9l. The drive sprocket 32 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the shaft 8'1 and is adapted to be engaged therewith by means of the shiftable splined clutch 92. The power take-off shaft Bl may therefore drive the drawworks drive shaft 28 through the sprockets 32 and 33 and multiple strand chain 35.

The drawworks H is provided with a drum shaft 93 on which spooling drum [2 is secured. Axially spaced bearings 94 maintain the shaft 93 in operative position. A low speed drive from the drive shaft 28' to the drum shaft 93 is pro vided and, as shown in the drawings, this includes the sprocket 95 secured on one end of the drive shaft 28 and adapted by means of multiple strand chain to drive the sprocket Q6 rotatably Supported on one end of the drum shaft 93. A friction clutch 91 is provided for releasably engaging the sprocket 96 in direct driving relation with the drum shaft 93.

A high speed drive is provided between the drive shaft 2 8 and drum shaft 93 and as shown in FigureB, this includes a sprocket 9B rotatably supported on the other end of the drive shaft 28 and adapted to be connected in driving relation therewith by means of the friction clutch 99. A driven sprocket Hill is fixed on the drum shaft 93 and is adapted to be driven from the sprocket 98 by means of the multiple strand chain ltil. A hydraulic brake [32, which may be of the general type illustrated in De La Mater Patent No. 1,992,911, is arranged coaxially of the drum shaft 93 and may be selectively connected therewith by means of the clutch I03.

A cat shaft I25 is positioned parallel to the drive shaft 28 and drum shaft 93 and carries a cathead I26 at the end thereof which may be of the type described in the copending application of Spencer W. Long, Serial No. 669,518, filed May 14, 1946. A two-speed drive is provided from the drive shaft 28 to the cat shaft I25 and this includes aligned sprockets E28 and 139. Sprockets I28 and I39 are fixed on the shaft and sprockets 121 and 129 are rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 28 as shown clearly in Figure 2.

A shiftable splined clutch ISfia is adapted to connect either sprocket I21 or [29 in driving relation with the drive shaft 28. If desired an auxiliary drum [3| for general hoisting purposes may be providedwhich is rotatably mounted and adapted to be driven by sprocket I32 and friction clutch I33. A drive sprocket I34 fixed on the cat shaft I25 is adapted to drive the sprocket I32. The drum I3I has been omitted from Figures 1 and 3 for clarity of illustration.

Means are provided for driving the rotary machine from the change speed transmission unit and, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 6, the sprocket 85 on the power take-off shaft I9 drives the sprocket I04, which is rotatably mounted on the clutch shaft I05 and is adapted to be connected in driving engagement therewith by means of the friction clutch I06. The multiple strand chain IIJ'I connects the sprockets 85 and I04. A countershaft 24 is rotatably supported at right angles to the shaft I05 and is adapted to be driven therefrom by means of bevel gears I09 and I I0, which are fixed on the shafts I05 and 24 respectively.

Also fixed on the shaft 24 is the sprocket III which is adapted to drive the sprocket II2 rotatably mounted on the intermediate shaft 23. Another sprocket II4 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 24 and is adapted to drive the sprocket I I5, which is fixed on the shaft 23. Splined clutches H0 and II! are provided for selectively engaging the sprockets H4 and H2 to their respective shafts. The sprockets and clutches just described provide a two-speed drive between the countershaft 24 and the intermediate shaft 23.

The multiple strand chain I I3 connects sprockets 26 and 2'I for driving the rotary drive shaft through a flexible coupling I08. The rotary machine I0 is driven from the shaft 25 by means of the flexible coupling I24. The rotary machine is supported by a portion of the drilling rig derrick (not shown).

The shafts 23, 24 and I05 are rotatably supported in bearings carried on an intermediate supporting unit generally designated IIB. This intermediate supporting unit II8 comprises a unitary assembly and is provided with skid members I I9 and I20 for transportation as a separate unit. As shown in Figure 4, the unit I I8 is interposed between the drawworks II and the subbase I2I. The subbase I2I includes a pair of horizontal parallel beams I22 for supporting the unit I I8 and the change speed transmission units 20 and ZI. The subbase assembly I 2I may be separated into two separate units I2la and I 2| b aligned end to end and separable for purposes of portability. The power plant including the shafts driven by the individual engines is supported on transverse beams I 23 which rest on the longitudinal beams I22 of the subbase I2I.

From the above description it will be understood that the change speed transmission unit 20 is adapted to drive either the rotary machine I0 or the drawworks II. Similarly, the change speed transmission unit 2| is adapted to drive the drawworks I I and is also adapted to drive the countershaft I35 through sprockets 90a and I35 by way of multiple strand chain 35. The sprocket I is fixed on the countershaft I35. Sprocket I3! is rotatably mounted on the countershaft I and is adapted to be engaged in driving relation therewith by means of the splined clutch I38. The multiple strand chain 36 connects sprocket I 37 to the pump drive sprocket I39 adapted to operate the pump H.

A drive sprocket I40 is rotatably mounted on the countershaft I35 and is adapted for selective engagement therewith by means of the splined clutch I4I. A multiple strand chain I42 connects the sprocket I40 to the sprocket I43 rotatably mounted on the stub shaft I44. A friction clutch 6 I45 is provided for connecting the sprocket I43 with the shaft I44. A hydraulic brake I46 of the kinetic type is mounted on the shaft I44 to provide a supplementary braking medium for the sand reel shaft I 41 (see Figure 5).

A drum I48 is. fixed on the sand reel shaft I41 and a sand line I15 is adapted to be spooled upon the drum I 48. The sand line is adapted to extend upwardly from the spooling drum I48 through an opening I49 in the floor plate I50 of the power plant. This opening I49 is positioned between the chains 68 and 14 and between the shafts 6i and 63. Positioning of the sand reel within the subbase unit I 2 lb provides a location which is out of the way during normal drilling operations, yet which is readily accessible for service or repair of the sand reel shaft I4! and its associated mechanism. It will be understood by those familiar with this art that the sand reel is not used during normal drilling operations but is required for such operations as bailing out a drilled hole or for running certain auxiliary equipment into the hole at intervals during or upon completion of the drilling process. Since the present invention is directed to a rotary drilling rig capable of drilling the deepest wells, the amount of sand line required for servicin such deep wells requires a very large drum I48 in order that the line may extend from the surface to a point adjacent the bottom of the drilled hole. The problem of locating this sand line drum for ready operation by the power plant and yet in a position to avoid interference with regular drilling operations has been solved by locating the drum I40 at a position beneath the power plant and by utilizing the supporting structure for the power plant as a frame for mounting the sand reel assembly. The sand line itself is then extended through an opening in the floor of the power plant at a position which is not occupied by component parts of the power plate.

A suplementary subbase I5I which is positioned parallel with the subbase I2! is provided for supporting the engine units I3, I4, I5 and It. The term engine units has been used in this specification rather than the term engines since it is recognized that it is possible to substitute a plurality of small engines arranged for operation as a unit instead of large single engines of high horsepower capacity.

In operation, the drilling engine I3 normally operates a rotary machine II] by way of the change speed transmission unit 20 and the right angle drive assembly 22. The hoistin engine I4 is available for operating the transmission unit 2I through which may be driven either the drawworks II or the pump I? via the chains 35 and 36. Normally engines I5 and I5 may be compounded for operating the pump drives I8 and I9. The arrangement and position of clutches are such, however, that all four engines, or any combination of them, may be used for driving the drawworks; thus, engine units I3 and I4 may be compounded through chain 68 to drive the sprocket 30 on the drawworks by way of transmission 20 and at the same time engine units I5 and I0 may be compounded through chains 58 and 59 and I4 to drive the sprocket 33 on the drawworks drive shaft by Way of the transmission M. The power take-off shafts of the transmission units 20 and ZI are axially aligned. Sprockets 20 and 32 have the same number of teeth and the sprockets 30 and 33 have the same number of teeth. The chains 3| and 34 have the same number of links; consequently. the drives connecting the transmissions 20 and 2| with drawworks drive shaft 28 are substantially identical and, therefore, a smooth application Oi power is provided without hunting, backlash,

or fighting between the two drives. The power plant is sufficiently flexible so that any one of the engine units may be left inoperative or may be shut down for repairs without seriously affecting operation of the drilling rig as a unit. If desired, rotary drive engine unit I3 may drive the transmission unit 2I via the chain 68, shaft BI and chain I l; also the hoisting engine unit I4 may be used to operate the transmission 29 by engaging the splined clutch 66 to render the chain drive 68effective.

The modification shown in Figure 8 includes an assembly which is adapted to be substituted for the shaft 55 and sprockets 56 and 5'? as shown in Figure 1. The shaft I52 is arranged to be driven by the engine unit I5 and fixed to this shaft is a spider I53. A plurality of radially extending trunnions I56 on the spider each rotatably support a pinion gear I55. The pinion gears I55 mesh with driven gears I56 which are rotatably supported on the shaft I52 and the arrangement of parts is such that a differential drive mechanism is provided between the shaft I52 and the driven gears I56. Drive sprockets 56a and 51a are fixed on the sleeve extensions I51 and I58 which in turn may be integrally formed with the gears I56 respectively.

Axially shiftable clutches I59 and I66 are provided for selectively engaging the sleeve extensions I58 respectively in driving engagement with the housing I6I. When the clutches I56 and I60 are engaged the differential mechanism is locked out and the assembly functions in an identical mannerto the assembly of shaft 55 and sprockets 56 and 51 as shown in Figure 1.

When the clutches I59 and I50 are disengaged, power supplied to the shaft I52 by the engine unit I5 i divided by the differential mechanism generally designated I62 so that a portion thereof drives the chain 58 and another portion drives the chain 59 in accordance with the relative resistance offered by each of these drive chains. Therefore, when the engine unit It is driving the pump I'I through the drive chain 36, and while engine unit I6 is operating one or both of the chain drives IB and Is, the engine unit I5 may be used to supplement the power of the other engine units by dividing its power output through the differential mechanism I62.

In certain drilling operations where it is desired to-pump mud fluid under very high pressure, the pumps 5'! are connected for series operation so that the fluid delivered from one pump is passed into the inlet of another pump. Such conditions of operation are known in the art as compounding pumps and this arrangement is shown clearly in the Archer Patent No. 2,282,597, granted May 12, 1942.

Owing the cyclic variations in pump speeds it is diflicult to drive reciprocating pumps which are hydraulically connected in series and, therefore, considerable difficulty might be encountered in attempting to use the power of a third engine to supplement two other engines each individually driving a pump. The provisions of the differential mechanism I62 enables the third engine to be utilized when additional power is desired and to permit variations in the speed of the drives to the two pumps; thus, the spider I53 is driven from the shaft I52 at the speed of the engine unit I5. but the sprockets 56 and 51 are free to rotate-at different speeds on this accompanying cyclic yariation in speed.

In the further modification shown in Figure .9, the shaft I63 is adapted to be substituted for the shaft 55 with the sprockets 56b and 51b substituted for the sprockets 56 and 57. Fixed to the shaft I63 is a central impeller unit I64. A housing I65 is secured to this impeller unit and adapted .to rotate therewith. Hydro-kinetic drive means of the Fottinger type is provided between the impeller unit I64 and the extension sleeves I66 .and I61, which are rotatably mounted on the shaft I63. .This drive means includes runners I68 and I69 which are secured to the extension sleeves I65 .and I6! respectively. Hydraulic fluid within .the housing I65 is caused to circulate in the toroidal channels formed between the double impeller I64 and. the runners I68 and I69 with the result that the latter are caused to rotate when the unit I64 revolves.

,In effect this device comprises a pair of hydraulic couplings interposed between the shaft I63 and the sprockets 56b and 5119 which are fixed on the extension sleeves I66 .and I6? respectively. When the engine unit I5 rotates the shaft I63 and the double impeller Hit the power of the engine is divided between chains 58 and 59, but the sprockets 56b and 512) may rotate at slightly different speeds and also may compensate for cyclic variations in the speed of the pumps. Clutches I76 and III are provided for engaging the extension sleeves I66 and I6? in direct driving relation with the housing I65 so that when the clutches are engaged the hydraulic drive is locked out and the device functions in a manner identical to the shaft 55 and sprockets 56 and 51 shown in Figure .1.

Having fully described my invention, it is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited to the details herein set forth, but my invention is of the full scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In .a drilling rig .having a drawworks provided with a drum shaft, a rotary machine, and a power plant including a plurality of engine units each driving one of a plurality of parallel shafts, the combination of a unitary sub-base having parallel longitudinal beams supporting the .drawworks and parallel shafts of the power plant, the engine units, parallel shafts and the drawworks drumshaft being positioned transversely of said longitudinal beams, an interme diate supporting unit interposed between the drawworks and the sub-base, an intermediate shaft mounted substantially parallel to said beams and carried in spaced bearings on said intermediate supporting unit, a driven shaft parallel to said intermediate shaft and connected to drive the rotary machine, means including endless flexible connections for driving the driven shaft from the intermediate shaft, a countershaft and a clutch shaft on said intermediate supporting unit, right angle drive means connecting the latter said shafts, means including a releasable clutch on the clutch shaft whereby the clutch shaft may be driven from one of said engines, means whereby the countershaft may drive the intermediate shaft, and means whereby the other engine may drive the drawworks.

2. In a drilling rig having a drawworks provided with a drum shaft, a rotary machine, and a power plant including a plurality of engine units each driving one of a plurality of parallel shafts, the combination of a unitary sub-base having parallel longitudinal beams supporting the drawworks and parallel shafts of the power plant units, the drawworks drumshaft and the engine units being mounted transverse thereto, an intermediate supporting unit interposed between the drawworks and the sub-base, a clutch shaft and an intermediate shaft rotatablysupported on-the intermediate unit, the intermediate shaft being substantially parallel to said beams and extending beneath the drum shaft, means including a right angle drive for driving the intermediate shaft from the clutch shaft, said means including, a clutch on the clutch shaft whereby one of the engine units may drive the clutch shaft, means whereby another engine unit may drive the drawworks, a driven shaft parallel to the'intermediate shaft and connected to drive the rotary machine, and means including endless flexible connections for driving the driven shaft from the intermediate shaft.

3. In a drilling rig having two power-driven units and a plurality of engine units, the combination of: first and second multl-speed transmissions, means whereby the first multi-speed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, means whereby the second multi-speed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at different speeds, power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive the first of said power-driven units, and additional powertransmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multi-speed transmission to drive either of the power-driven units, whereby both multi-speed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the first power-driven unit.

4. In a drilling rig having a drawworks and a. rotary machine and a plurality of engine units, the combination of: first and second multi-speed transmissions, means whereby the first multispeed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, means whereby the second multi-speed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at different speeds, power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive either the drawworks or the rotary machine, and additional power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multi-speed transmission to drive the drawworks, whereby both multi-speed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the drawworks.

5. In a drilling rig having a drawworks and a slush pump and a plurality of engine units, the combination of first and second multi-speed transmissions, means whereby the first multispeed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, means whereby the second multi-speed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at different speeds, power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive the drawworks, and additional power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multi-speed transmission to drive either the drawworks or the slush pump, whereby both multi-speed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the drawworks.

6. In a drilling rig having three power-driven units and a plurality of engine units, the combina- 110 tion of: first and second multi-speed transmissions, means whereby the first multi-speed transmission may be driven'by either one of two of said engine units, means whereby the second multi-speedtransmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at different speeds, power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive either the first or third of said power-driven units, and additional power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multi-speed transmission to drive either the first or second of the power-driven units," whereby both multispeed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the first power-driven unit.

7. In a drilling-rig having a drawworks, a slush pump, a rotary machine and a plurality of engine units, the combination of: first and second multi-speed transmissions, means whereby the first multi-speed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, means whereby the second 'multi-speed transmission may be driven by either one of two of said engine units, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at'different speeds, power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive either thedrawworks or the rotary machine, and additional power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multi-speed transmission to drive either the drawworks or the slush pump, whereby both multi-speed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the drawworks.

8. In a drilling rig having two power-driven units and two engine units, the combination of: first and second multi-speed transmissions, first power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect either of the engine units to drive either of the multi-speed transmissions. said first power-transmitting connections including independent drive means connecting each engine unit to one of said multi-speed transmissions, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independent driven at different speeds, second power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive the first of said power-driven units, and third power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multispeed transmission to drive either of the powerdriven units, whereby both engine units and both multi-speed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the first power-driven unit.

9. In a drilling rig having three power-driven units and two engine units, the combination of: first and second multi-speed transmissions, first power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect each of the engine units to drive one of the multi-speed transmissions, said first power-transmitting connections including independent drive means connecting each engine unit to one of said multi-speed transmissions, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at different speeds, second powertransmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive either the first or third of said power-driven units, and third power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multispeed transmission to drive either the first or second of the power-driven units, whereby both engine units and both multi-speed transmissions may operate conjointl y to -dr-ive the first powerdriven unit.

10. In a, drilling rig having a drawworks, a slush pump, a rotary machine and two engine units, the combination of: first and second duplicate multi-speed transmissions, first power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect either of the engine units to drive either or the multi-speed transmissions, said first powertransmitting connections including independent drive means connecting each engine unit to one of said multi-speed transmissions, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at different speeds, second power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multi-speed transmission to drive either the drawworks or the rotary machine, and third power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the second multi-speed transmission to drive either the drawworks or the slush pump, whereby both engine units and both multispeed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the drawworks.

11. In a drilling rig having three power-driven units and four engine units, the combination of: first and second duplicate multi-speed transmissions each having a power input member, means whereby the power input member of the first multi-speed transmission may be driven simultaneously by both the first and second engine units, means whereby the power input member of the second multi-speed transmission may be driven simultaneously by both the third and fourth engine units, whereby said multi-speed transmissions may be independently driven at different speeds, power-transmitting connections selectively operable to connect the first multispeed transmission to drive either the first or third of said power-driven units, and additional power-transmitting .connectons selectively operable to connect the second multi-speed transmission to drive either the first or second of the power-driven units, whereby both multi-speed transmissions may operate conjointly to drive the first power-driven unit.

- FORREST J. YOUNG.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,526,976 Gregory Feb. 17, 1925 2,026,709 Sheldon Jan. 7, 1936 2,249,873 Webster July 22, 1941 2,282,597 Archer May 12, 1942 2,344,681 Deschner Mar. 21, 1944 2.405.546 Archer r Aug. 13. 1946 

